Quantum advantage is well-established in centralized computing, where quantum algorithms can solve certain problems exponentially faster than classical ones. In the distributed setting, significant progress has been made in bandwidth-limited networks, where quantum distributed networks have shown computational advantages over classical counterparts. However, the potential of quantum computing in networks that are constrained only by large distances is not yet understood. We focus on the LOCAL model of computation (Linial, FOCS 1987), a distributed computational model where computational power and communication bandwidth are unconstrained, and its quantum generalization. In this brief survey, we summarize recent progress on the quantum-LOCAL model outlining its limitations with respect to its classical counterpart: we discuss emerging techniques, and highlight open research questions that could guide future efforts in the field.

翻译：量子优势在集中式计算中已得到充分证实，量子算法能够以指数级速度解决某些经典算法难以处理的问题。在分布式计算领域，带宽受限网络已取得显著进展，量子分布式网络展现出超越经典对应模型的计算优势。然而，在仅受长距离通信约束的网络中，量子计算的潜力尚未得到充分理解。本文聚焦于LOCAL计算模型（Linial，FOCS 1987）及其量子化推广——该分布式计算模型对计算能力与通信带宽不作限制。本综述概括了量子LOCAL模型的最新进展，阐明其相对于经典模型的局限性：我们探讨了新兴技术方法，并指出该领域未来研究中亟待解决的关键问题。