项目名称： 螯合剂/烷基铵复合改性膨润土的调控制备及其对复杂废水的吸附行为研究

项目编号： No.51464004

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 王桂芳

作者单位： 广西大学

项目金额： 48万元

中文摘要： 重金属和有机物是环境中主要的污染物，有机物具有生物积累性、毒性和三致作用，重金属进入环境后大部分难以降解，可通过食物链富集进入人体，损害人体健康。本项目针对改性膨润土作为水处理吸附剂应用中难以同时有效吸附去除重金属和有机物的关键问题，采用不同结构特征的螯合剂和烷基铵复合改性膨润土，系统研究膨润土层面电荷、烷基铵与螯合剂的结构及其在膨润土层间的赋存形式等关键因素及其交互作用对复合改性膨润土的结构和吸附性能的影响规律和影响机制，探明复合改性膨润土吸附重金属-有机物共存污染物的构-效关系，提出复合改性膨润土的结构和吸附性能的优化和控制方法，为新型高效改性膨润土的合成及其在处理重金属-有机物共存污染物废水中的应用提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 膨润土；结构；吸附；螯合剂；烷基铵

英文摘要： Heavy metal ions and organics are the main pollutants in the environment. Organics are bioaccumulative, toxic and can cause teratogenesis, carcinogenesis and mutagenesis. Most of heavy metal ions can not be degraded in the environment, and can be enriched and absorbed into human body by food chain, which are harmful to health. To solve problem that it is difficult for the modified bentonite as adsorbent applied in water treatment to remove heavy metal ions and organics effectively at the same time, bentonite modified by chelating agent and alkylammonium with different structure will be prepared. The influence law and mechanism of layer charge, structure and the mode of occurrence of alkylammonium and the chelating agent in the modified bentonite layer and their interaction on the structure and adsorption performance of the modified bentonite will be systematically explored. The structure-activity relationship of composite modified bentonite in adsorbing pollutants of heavy metal ions and organics will be discussed. The optimization and control methods for the structure and adsorption performance of composite modified bentonite will be put forward, which will provide theoretical basis for the synthesis of new high efficiency modified bentonite and the application in treating wastewater with heavy metal ions and organics.

英文关键词： bentonite;structure;adsorption;chelating agent;alkylammonium