Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing several areas of Artificial Intelligence. One of the most remarkable applications is creative writing, e.g., poetry or storytelling: the generated outputs are often of astonishing quality. However, a natural question arises: can LLMs be really considered creative? In this article we firstly analyze the development of LLMs under the lens of creativity theories, investigating the key open questions and challenges. In particular, we focus our discussion around the dimensions of value, novelty and surprise as proposed by Margaret Boden in her work. Then, we consider different classic perspectives, namely product, process, press and person. We discuss a set of ``easy'' and ``hard'' problems in machine creativity, presenting them in relation to LLMs. Finally, we examine the societal impact of these technologies with a particular focus on the creative industries, analyzing the opportunities offered by them, the challenges arising by them and the potential associated risks, from both legal and ethical points of view.

翻译：大型语言模型（LLMs）正革新着人工智能的多个领域。其中最为引人瞩目的应用之一是创意写作，例如诗歌或故事创作：其生成的作品往往具有令人惊叹的质量。然而，一个自然的问题随之而来：LLMs能否真正被视为具有创造力？本文首先从创造力理论的视角分析LLMs的发展，探究关键未解问题与挑战。我们特别聚焦于玛格丽特·博登在其著作中提出的价值、新颖性与惊奇性三个维度展开讨论。随后，我们考察了经典的"产品、过程、环境与主体"四重研究视角。本文探讨了机器创造力中的一组"简单"与"困难"问题，并将其与LLMs相关联。最后，我们从法律与伦理角度审视这些技术的社会影响，尤其关注其对创意产业的作用，分析其所提供的机遇、带来的挑战及潜在风险。