This paper proposes an innovative end-to-end deterministic network mechanism to achieve delay-bounded transmissions across multiple network domains. The proposed mechanism installs discrete shapers at the edge of the network domains, which serves to decouple the clock domains of different networks. Thereby, the challenges associated with cross-domain clock synchronization that are inherent in state-of-the-art deterministic mechanisms are mitigated, e.g., high complexity during the system implementation and the traffic scheduling. Moreover, the proposed mechanism enhances the availability of the deterministic networking, i.e., not only periodic deterministic traffic, but also aperiodic deterministic traffic and stochastic flows are enabled to be served. Furthermore, an auction-based online scheduling algorithm is developed to improve network efficiency and reduce cost. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively realize the end-to-end delay-bounded transmission across multiple domains. Meanwhile, the cross-domain latency could also be reduced compared to the existing methods.

翻译：本文提出一种创新的端到端确定性网络机制，以实现跨多网络域的有界时延传输。该机制在网络域边缘部署离散整形器，用于解耦不同网络的时钟域。由此，缓解了现有确定性机制中固有的跨域时钟同步挑战，例如系统实现与流量调度过程中的高复杂度问题。此外，所提机制增强了确定性网络的可用性，即不仅支持周期性确定性流量，还能服务于非周期性确定性流量以及随机流。进一步，本文开发了一种基于拍卖的在线调度算法，以提升网络效率并降低成本。仿真结果表明，所提机制能够有效实现跨多域的端到端有界时延传输，同时相比现有方法还可降低跨域时延。