Rough terrain locomotion has remained one of the most challenging mobility questions. In 2022, NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) Program invited US academic institutions to participate NASA's Breakthrough, Innovative \& Game-changing (BIG) Idea competition by proposing novel mobility systems that can negotiate extremely rough terrain, lunar bumpy craters. In this competition, Northeastern University won NASA's top Artemis Award award by proposing an articulated robot tumbler called COBRA (Crater Observing Bio-inspired Rolling Articulator). This report briefly explains the underlying principles that made COBRA successful in competing with other concepts ranging from cable-driven to multi-legged designs from six other participating US institutions.

翻译：崎岖地形移动仍是移动性问题中最具挑战的课题之一。2022年，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）创新先进概念（NIAC）项目邀请美国学术机构参与NASA突破性、创新性及变革性（BIG）创意竞赛，提出能够应对极端崎岖地形（如月球凹凸陨石坑）的新型移动系统。在此次竞赛中，东北大学凭借名为COBRA（仿生翻滚式陨石坑观测器）的铰接式翻滚机器人，荣获NASA最高奖项“阿尔忒弥斯奖”。本报告简要阐述了使COBRA在与来自其他六所美国机构的从缆索驱动到多足设计的竞争概念中脱颖而出的基本原理。