Emerging crypto economies still hemorrhage digital assets because legacy wallets leak private keys at almost every layer of the software stack, from user-space libraries to kernel memory dumps. This paper solves that twin crisis of security and interoperability by re-imagining key management as a platform-level service anchored in ARM TrustZone through OP-TEE. Our architecture fractures the traditional monolithic Trusted Application into per-chain modules housed in a multi-tenant TA store, finally breaking OP-TEE's single-binary ceiling. A cryptographically sealed firmware-over-the-air pipeline welds each TA set to an Android system image, enabling hot-swap updates while Verified Boot enforces rollback protection. Every package carries a chained signature developer first, registry second so even a compromised supply chain cannot smuggle malicious code past the Secure World's RSA-PSS gatekeeper. Inside the TEE, strict inter-TA isolation, cache partitioning, and GP-compliant crypto APIs ensure secrets never bleed across trust boundaries or timing domains. The Rich Execution Environment can interact only via hardware-mediated Secure Monitor Calls, collapsing the surface exposed to malware in Android space. End-users enjoy a single polished interface yet can install or retire Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, or tomorrow's chain with one tap, shrinking both storage footprint and audit scope. For auditors, the composition model slashes duplicated verification effort by quarantining blockchain logic inside narrowly scoped modules that share formally specified interfaces. Our threat analysis spans six adversary layers and shows how the design neutralizes REE malware sniffing, OTA injection, and cross-module side channels without exotic hardware. A reference implementation on AOSP exports a Wallet Manager HAL, custom SELinux domains, and a CI/CD pipeline that vet community modules before release. The result is not merely another hardware wallet but a programmable substrate that can evolve at the velocity of the blockchain ecosystem. By welding radical extensibility to hardware-anchored assurance, the platform closes the security-usability gap that has long stymied mass-market self-custody. We posit that modular TEEs are the missing OS primitive for Web3, much as virtual memory unlocked multi-tasking in classical computing. Together, these contributions sketch a blueprint for multi-chain asset management that is auditable, resilient, and poised for global deployment.

翻译：新兴加密经济体系仍在持续流失数字资产，根源在于传统钱包在软件栈的几乎每一层——从用户空间库到内核内存转储——都存在私钥泄露风险。本文通过将密钥管理重构为基于ARM TrustZone并通过OP-TEE实现的平台级服务，解决了安全性与互操作性这一双重危机。我们的架构将传统单体式可信应用拆分为按链划分的模块，并置于多租户TA存储库中，最终突破了OP-TEE的单二进制限制。通过加密签名的无线固件更新管道将每个TA集合与Android系统镜像绑定，在支持热插拔更新的同时，利用验证启动实现回滚保护。每个软件包采用开发者优先、注册表次之的链式签名机制，即使供应链被攻破，恶意代码也无法绕过安全世界的RSA-PSS验证关卡。在TEE内部，严格的TA间隔离、缓存分区及符合GP规范的加密API确保密钥信息绝不会跨越信任边界或时序域泄露。富执行环境仅能通过硬件中介的安全监控调用进行交互，极大压缩了Android空间内恶意软件的攻击面。终端用户可通过统一流畅的界面一键安装或卸载比特币、以太坊、Solana等现有及未来链系统，同时缩减存储占用与审计范围。对于审计者，该组合模型通过将区块链逻辑隔离在具有形式化规范接口的窄范围模块内，大幅减少了重复验证工作。我们的威胁分析覆盖六个攻击层级，证明该设计无需特殊硬件即可抵御REE恶意软件嗅探、OTA注入及跨模块侧信道攻击。基于AOSP的参考实现提供了钱包管理器硬件抽象层、定制SELinux域及在发布前审核社区模块的CI/CD流水线。其成果不仅是另一款硬件钱包，更是能够以区块链生态发展速度演化的可编程基础平台。通过将极致可扩展性与硬件锚定的安全保障相融合，该平台弥合了长期阻碍大规模自托管应用的安全性与易用性鸿沟。我们认为模块化TEE正是Web3缺失的操作系统原语，其意义堪比虚拟内存对经典计算中多任务处理的革命性贡献。这些成果共同勾勒出可审计、强韧性且具备全球部署潜力的多链资产管理蓝图。