We consider a network of $n$ user nodes that receives updates from a source and employs an age-based gossip protocol for faster dissemination of version updates to all nodes. When a node forwards its packet to another node, the packet information gets mutated with probability $p$ during transmission, creating misinformation. The receiver node does not know whether an incoming packet information is different from the packet information originally at the sender node. We assume that truth prevails over misinformation, and therefore, when a receiver encounters both accurate information and misinformation corresponding to the same version, the accurate information gets chosen for storage at the node. We study the expected fraction of nodes with correct information in the network and version age at the nodes in this setting using stochastic hybrid systems (SHS) modelling and study their properties. We observe that very high or very low gossiping rates help curb misinformation, and misinformation spread is higher with moderate gossiping rates. We support our theoretical findings with simulation results which shed further light on the behavior of above quantities.

翻译：我们考虑一个由$n$个用户节点组成的网络，该网络从源节点接收更新，并采用基于年龄的八卦协议，以加速版本更新在所有节点间的传播。当一个节点将其数据包转发给另一个节点时，数据包信息在传输过程中以概率$p$发生突变，从而产生谣言信息。接收节点无法判断其收到的数据包信息是否与发送节点原始携带的信息不同。我们假设真相优于谣言，因此当接收节点同时遇到同一版本的准确信息与谣言信息时，节点会选择存储准确信息。我们利用随机混合系统（SHS）建模，研究在此设定下网络中持有正确信息的节点期望比例以及节点的版本年龄，并分析其性质。我们发现，过高或过低的八卦速率有助于抑制谣言传播，而中等八卦速率下谣言传播更为严重。我们通过仿真结果验证了理论发现，并进一步揭示了上述指标的行为特征。