As hyperconnected devices and decentralized data architectures expand, securing IoT transactions becomes increasingly challenging. Blockchain offers a promising solution, but its effectiveness relies on the underlying consensus algorithm. Traditional mechanisms like PoW and PoS are often impractical for resource-constrained IoT environments. To address these limitations, this work introduces a fair and lightweight hybrid consensus algorithm tailored for IoT. The proposed approach minimizes resource demands on the nodes while ensuring a secure and fair agreement process. Specifically, it leverages a distributed lottery mechanism to fairly propose blocks without requiring specialized hardware. In addition, a reputation-based block voting mechanism is incorporated to enhance trust and establish finality. Finally, experimental evaluation was conducted to validate the key features of the consensus algorithm.

翻译：随着超连接设备和去中心化数据架构的扩展，保障物联网交易安全变得日益具有挑战性。区块链提供了一种有前景的解决方案，但其有效性依赖于底层的共识算法。传统机制如工作量证明和权益证明通常不适用于资源受限的物联网环境。为应对这些局限性，本研究提出了一种专为物联网设计的公平轻量级混合共识算法。所提出的方法在确保安全公平的共识过程的同时，最大限度地减少了对节点的资源需求。具体而言，它利用分布式抽签机制来公平地提议区块，而无需专用硬件。此外，该算法还结合了基于信誉的区块投票机制，以增强信任并确立最终性。最后，通过实验评估验证了该共识算法的关键特性。