We apply a state-of-the-art difference-in-differences approach to estimate the impact of ChatGPT's release on the writing style of condensed matter papers on arXiv. Our analysis reveals a statistically significant improvement in the English quality of abstracts written by non-native English speakers. Importantly, this improvement remains robust even after accounting for other potential factors, confirming that it can be attributed to the release of ChatGPT. This indicates widespread adoption of the tool. Following the release of ChatGPT, there is a significant increase in the use of unique words, while the frequency of rare words decreases. Across language families, the changes in writing style are significant for authors from the Latin and Ural-Altaic groups, but not for those from the Germanic or other Indo-European groups.

翻译：我们采用前沿的双重差分法，评估了ChatGPT的发布对arXiv上凝聚态物理学论文写作风格的影响。分析表明，非英语母语者撰写的摘要英语质量出现统计学意义上的显著提升。值得注意的是，即使排除其他潜在因素后，这种提升依然稳健，证实其可归因于ChatGPT的发布。这表明该工具已获得广泛应用。在ChatGPT发布后，独特词汇的使用显著增加，而罕见词汇的出现频率则有所下降。在不同语系中，拉丁语系和乌拉尔-阿尔泰语系作者的写作风格变化显著，而日耳曼语系及其他印欧语系作者则未呈现显著变化。