The upcoming NASA mission HelioSwarm will use nine spacecraft to make the first simultaneous multi-point measurements of space plasmas spanning multiple scales. Using the wave-telescope technique, HelioSwarm's measurements will allow for both the calculation of the power in wavevector-and-frequency space and the characterization of the associated dispersion relations of waves present in the plasma at MHD and ion-kinetic scales. This technique has been applied to the four-spacecraft missions of CLUSTER and MMS and its effectiveness has previously been characterized in a handful of case studies. We expand this uncertainty quantification analysis to arbitrary configurations of four through nine spacecraft for three-dimensional plane waves. We use Bayesian inference to learn equations that approximate the error in reconstructing the wavevector as a function of relative wavevector magnitude, spacecraft configuration shape, and number of spacecraft. We demonstrate the application of these equations to data drawn from a nine-spacecraft configuration to both improve the accuracy of the technique, as well as expand the magnitudes of wavevectors that can be characterized.

翻译：即将执行的NASA HelioSwarm任务将利用九颗航天器，首次实现跨越多个尺度的空间等离子体同步多点测量。通过波浪望远镜技术，HelioSwarm的测量数据既能计算波矢-频率空间中的功率分布，又能表征等离子体中存在于磁流体动力学及离子动力学尺度上的波动色散关系。该技术已应用于CLUSTER和MMS四星编队任务，其有效性此前通过少量案例研究得以验证。本研究将这种不确定性量化分析扩展至四至九颗航天器任意构型下的三维平面波场景。我们采用贝叶斯推断方法，学习得到能够近似重构波矢误差的方程——该误差取决于相对波矢幅度、航天器构型形状及航天器数量。我们演示了将这些方程应用于九星编队构型数据的过程，既提升了技术精度，又拓展了可表征的波矢幅度范围。