Natural language processing (NLP) technologies are rapidly reshaping how language is created, processed, and interpreted by humans. With current and potential applications in hiring, law, healthcare, and other areas that impact people's lives, understanding and mitigating harms towards marginalized groups is critical. In this survey, we examine NLP research papers that explicitly address the relationship between LGBTQIA+ communities and NLP technologies. We systematically review all such papers published in the ACL Anthology up until February 2026 (n=122), to answer the following research questions: (1) What are current research trends? (2) What gaps exist in terms of topics and methods? (3) What areas are open for future work? We find that while the number of papers on queer NLP has grown within the last few years, most papers take a reactive rather than a proactive approach, focusing on shortcomings of existing systems rather than creating new solutions. Our survey uncovers many opportunities for future work, especially regarding stakeholder involvement, intersectionality, interdisciplinarity, and languages other than English. We also offer an outlook from a queer studies perspective, highlighting understudied topics and blind spots in the harms addressed in NLP papers. Beyond being a roadmap of what has been done, this survey is a call to action for work towards more just and inclusive NLP technologies.

翻译：自然语言处理（NLP）技术正迅速改变人类创造、处理和理解语言的方式。鉴于其在招聘、法律、医疗保健等影响人们生活的领域已存在或潜在的应用，理解并减轻对边缘化群体的伤害至关重要。本综述系统考察了明确探讨LGBTQIA+群体与NLP技术关系的学术论文。我们对截至2026年2月发表在ACL选集（ACL Anthology）中的所有此类论文（n=122）进行了系统梳理，旨在回答以下研究问题：（1）当前研究趋势如何？（2）在主题和方法方面存在哪些空白？（3）哪些领域可供未来研究？我们发现，尽管近些年关于酷儿NLP的论文数量有所增长，但多数论文采取的是被动应对而非主动预防的研究路径，侧重于指出现有系统的缺陷，而非提出新的解决方案。本综述揭示了未来研究的诸多机遇，特别是在利益相关者参与、交叉性、跨学科性以及英语以外的语言方面。我们还从酷儿研究的视角提供了展望，强调了NLP论文中尚未充分研究的主题及其在伤害讨论中的盲区。除作为已取得成果的路线图之外，本综述更是一份行动倡议，呼吁学界致力于构建更加公正和包容的NLP技术。