How diffusion impacts on ecological dynamics under the Allee effect and spatial constraints? That is the question we address. Employing a microscopic minimal model in a metapopulation (without imposing nonlinear birth and death rates) we evince --- both numerically and analitically --- the emergence of an optimal diffusion that maximises the survival probability. Even though, at first such result seems counter-intuitive, it has empirical support from recent experiments with engineered bacteria. Moreover, we show that this optimal diffusion disappears for loose spatial constraints.

翻译：扩散如何在Allee效应和空间约束下影响生态动力学？这是本文探讨的核心问题。通过采用集合种群中的微观最小模型（未施加非线性出生率和死亡率），我们从数值和解析两方面证明了最优扩散的存在，该扩散能最大化生存概率。尽管这一结果初看似乎违反直觉，但近期工程细菌实验为其提供了实证支持。此外，我们证明在宽松的空间约束下，这种最优扩散会消失。