Compelling writing is tailored to its audience. This is challenging, as writers may struggle to empathize with readers, get feedback in time, or gain access to the target group. We propose a concept that generates on-demand feedback, based on writer-defined AI personas of any target audience. We explore this concept with a prototype (using GPT-3.5) in two user studies (N=5 and N=11): Writers appreciated the concept and strategically used personas for getting different perspectives. The feedback was seen as helpful and inspired revisions of text and personas, although it was often verbose and unspecific. We discuss the impact of on-demand feedback, the limited representativity of contemporary AI systems, and further ideas for defining AI personas. This work contributes to the vision of supporting writers with AI by expanding the socio-technical perspective in AI tool design: To empower creators, we also need to keep in mind their relationship to an audience.

翻译：引人入胜的写作需要针对特定受众。这具有挑战性，因为作者可能难以与读者共情、无法及时获得反馈，或难以接触到目标群体。我们提出一种概念，基于作者为任何目标受众定义的AI人格来生成按需反馈。我们通过原型系统（基于GPT-3.5）在两项用户研究（N=5和N=11）中探索了这一概念：作者们赞赏该概念，并策略性地使用人格以获得不同视角。尽管反馈常冗长且不具体，但仍被认为有用，并启发了对文本和人格的修订。我们讨论了按需反馈的影响、当代AI系统的有限代表性，以及定义AI人格的进一步构想。本研究通过扩展AI工具设计中的社会技术视角，为支持作者使用AI的愿景做出贡献：为了赋能创作者，我们还需关注其与受众的关系。