Vehicles are becoming increasingly automated and interconnected, enabling the formation of cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS) and the use of offboard services. As a result, cloud-native techniques, such as microservices and container orchestration, play an increasingly important role in their operation. However, orchestrating applications in a large-scale C-ITS poses unique challenges due to the dynamic nature of the environment and the need for efficient resource utilization. In this paper, we present a demand-driven application management approach that leverages cloud-native techniques - specifically Kubernetes - to address these challenges. Taking into account the demands originating from different entities within the C-ITS, the approach enables the automation of processes, such as deployment, reconfiguration, update, upgrade, and scaling of microservices. Executing these processes on demand can, for example, reduce computing resource consumption and network traffic. A demand may include a request for provisioning an external supporting service, such as a collective environment model. The approach handles changing and new demands by dynamically reconciling them through our proposed application management framework built on Kubernetes and the Robot Operating System (ROS 2). We demonstrate the operation of our framework in the C-ITS use case of collective environment perception and make the source code of the prototypical framework publicly available at https://github.com/ika-rwth-aachen/application_manager.

翻译：车辆正日益自动化和互联化，促进了协同智能交通系统（C-ITS）的形成以及车载外服务的应用。因此，微服务与容器编排等云原生技术在其运行中扮演着越来越重要的角色。然而，在大规模C-ITS中编排应用面临着独特挑战，这源于环境的动态特性以及对高效资源利用的需求。本文提出了一种需求驱动的应用管理方法，该方法利用云原生技术——特别是Kubernetes——来应对这些挑战。通过考虑C-ITS内不同实体产生的需求，该方法实现了微服务的部署、重配置、更新、升级和扩缩容等流程的自动化。按需执行这些流程能够降低计算资源消耗和网络流量。需求可能包含对外部支持服务（如集体环境模型）的供应请求。该方法通过我们构建于Kubernetes和机器人操作系统（ROS 2）之上的应用管理框架，动态协调处理变化中的及新增的需求。我们在集体环境感知的C-ITS用例中展示了该框架的运行，并将原型框架的源代码公开于https://github.com/ika-rwth-aachen/application_manager。