In multiple hypothesis testing, it is well known that adaptive procedures can enhance power via incorporating information about the number of true nulls present. Under independence, we establish that two adaptive false discovery rate (FDR) methods, upon augmenting sign declarations, also offer directional false discovery rate (FDR$_\text{dir}$) control in the strong sense. Such FDR$_\text{dir}$ controlling properties are appealing because adaptive procedures have the greatest potential to reap substantial gain in power when the underlying parameter configurations contain little to no true nulls, which are precisely settings where the FDR$_\text{dir}$ is an arguably more meaningful error rate to be controlled than the FDR.

翻译：在多重假设检验中，众所周知，自适应程序能够通过纳入关于真实零假设数量的信息来增强检验效能。在独立性假设下，我们证明：两种自适应错误发现率（FDR）方法在增加符号声明后，还能在强意义上实现方向性错误发现率（FDR$_\text{dir}$）控制。此类FDR$_\text{dir}$控制性质颇具吸引力，因为当底层参数配置中包含极少甚至没有真实零假设时（这恰恰是相比FDR而言，FDR$_\text{dir}$作为更值得控制的错误率指标的情形），自适应程序最有可能在检验效能上获得显著提升。