To accommodate new applications such as extended reality, fully autonomous vehicular networks and the metaverse, next generation wireless networks are going to be subject to much more stringent performance requirements than the fifth-generation (5G) in terms of data rates, reliability, latency, and connectivity. It is thus necessary to develop next generation advanced transceiver (NGAT) technologies for efficient signal transmission and reception. In this tutorial, we explore the evolution of NGAT from three different perspectives. Specifically, we first provide an overview of new-field NGAT technology, which shifts from conventional far-field channel models to new near-field channel models. Then, three new-form NGAT technologies and their design challenges are presented, including reconfigurable intelligent surfaces, flexible antennas, and holographic multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Subsequently, we discuss recent advances in semantic-aware NGAT technologies, which can utilize new metrics for advanced transceiver designs. Finally, we point out other promising transceiver technologies for future research.

翻译：为适应扩展现实、全自主车联网及元宇宙等新兴应用，下一代无线网络在数据速率、可靠性、延迟和连接性方面将面临比第五代（5G）网络更为严苛的性能要求。因此，有必要发展下一代先进收发机（NGAT）技术以实现高效信号传输与接收。本综述从三个不同视角探讨NGAT的技术演进。具体而言，首先概述新场域NGAT技术，该技术从传统的远场信道模型转向新型近场信道模型。随后，介绍三种新形态NGAT技术及其设计挑战，包括可重构智能表面、柔性天线与全息多输入多输出（MIMO）系统。接着，讨论语义感知NGAT技术的最新进展，该技术能够利用新型度量指标进行先进收发机设计。最后，指出其他具有潜力的收发机技术以供未来研究。