Although empirical research often underpins practical visualization guidelines, it remains unclear how well these research-driven insights are reflected in the guidelines practitioners actually use. In this paper, we investigate the research-practice gap in visualization design guidelines through a mixed-methods approach. We collected 390 design guidelines from practitioner-facing sources and 235 empirical studies to quantitatively assess their alignment. To complement this analysis, we conducted surveys with 69 participants (33 practitioners, 36 researchers) and in-depth interviews with 20 experts to examine their experiences, perceptions, and challenges. Our findings reveal discrepancies: empirical evidence often contradicts or only partially supports widely used guidelines, and the two communities prioritize different attributes of design. Based on these insights, we derive a holistic guideline template (integrating Context, Approach, Problem, and Purpose) and discuss actionable strategies, such as a triadic knowledge model.

翻译：尽管实证研究通常为实践性可视化指南提供支撑，但尚不清楚这些研究驱动的见解在从业者实际使用的指南中体现得如何。本文通过混合方法研究了可视化设计指南中的研究与实践差距。我们从面向从业者的来源收集了390条设计指南和235项实证研究，以定量评估其一致性。为补充此分析，我们对69名参与者（33名从业者、36名研究者）进行了调查，并对20名专家进行了深度访谈，以考察他们的经验、认知和挑战。我们的研究结果揭示了差异：实证证据常常与广泛使用的指南相矛盾或仅部分支持这些指南，且两个群体对设计属性的优先级排序不同。基于这些发现，我们推导出一个整体性指南模板（整合情境、方法、问题与目的），并讨论了可操作的策略，例如三元知识模型。