A linearly ordered (LO) $k$-colouring of a hypergraph assigns to each vertex a colour from the set $\{0,1,\ldots,k-1\}$ in such a way that each hyperedge has a unique maximum element. Barto, Batistelli, and Berg conjectured that it is NP-hard to find an LO $k$-colouring of an LO 2-colourable 3-uniform hypergraph for any constant $k\geq 2$ [STACS'21] but even the case $k=3$ is still open. Nakajima and \v{Z}ivn\'{y} gave polynomial-time algorithms for finding, given an LO 2-colourable 3-uniform hypergraph, an LO colouring with $O^*(\sqrt{n})$ colours [ICALP'22] and an LO colouring with $O^*(\sqrt[3]{n})$ colours [ACM ToCT'23]. Very recently, Louis, Newman, and Ray gave an SDP-based algorithm with $O^*(\sqrt[5]{n})$ colours. We present two simple polynomial-time algorithms that find an LO colouring with $O(\log_2(n))$ colours, which is an exponential improvement.
翻译:超图的线性有序(LO)$k$着色为每个顶点分配来自集合 $\{0,1,\ldots,k-1\}$ 的一种颜色,使得每条超边具有唯一的极大元素。Barto、Batistelli 和 Berg 猜想,对于任意常数 $k\geq 2$,为 LO 2-可着色 3-一致超图寻找 LO $k$ 着色是 NP-难的 [STACS'21],但即使是 $k=3$ 的情况仍未解决。Nakajima 和 \v{Z}ivn\'{y} 给出了多项式时间算法,对于给定的 LO 2-可着色 3-一致超图,可找到使用 $O^*(\sqrt{n})$ 种颜色的 LO 着色 [ICALP'22] 以及使用 $O^*(\sqrt[3]{n})$ 种颜色的 LO 着色 [ACM ToCT'23]。最近,Louis、Newman 和 Ray 给出了一种基于 SDP 的算法,使用 $O^*(\sqrt[5]{n})$ 种颜色。我们提出了两种简单的多项式时间算法,能够找到使用 $O(\log_2(n))$ 种颜色的 LO 着色,这是一个指数级的改进。