To enable large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) deployment, Low-power wide-area networking (LPWAN) has attracted a lot of research attention with the design objectives of low-power consumption, wide-area coverage, and low cost. In particular, long battery lifetime is central to these technologies since many of the IoT devices will be deployed in hard-toaccess locations. Prediction of the battery lifetime depends on the accurate modelling of power consumption. This paper presents detailed power consumption models for two cellular IoT technologies: Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and Long Term Evolution for Machines (LTE-M). A comprehensive power consumption model based on User Equipment (UE) states and procedures for device battery lifetime estimation is presented. An IoT device power measurement testbed has been setup and the proposed model has been validated via measurements with different coverage scenarios and traffic configurations, achieving the modelling inaccuracy within 5%. The resulting estimated battery lifetime is promising, showing that the 10-year battery lifetime requirement specified by 3GPP can be met with proper configuration of traffic profile, transmission, and network parameters.

翻译：为使大型物联网(IoT)能够进行大规模安装,低功率广域联网(LPWAN)吸引了大量的研究关注,其设计目标是低电消耗、广域覆盖和低成本。特别是,由于许多IoT装置将部署在难以进入的地点,电池寿命长是这些技术的核心,因为许多IoT装置将部署在难以进入的地点。电池寿命的预测取决于准确的电耗建模。本文介绍了两种蜂窝IoT技术的详细电耗模型:窄带物互联网(NB-IoT)和机器长期演变(LTE-M)。根据用户设备(UE)的状态和对设备电池寿命估计的程序,提出了一个综合电耗模型。一个IoT装置电量测试台已经安装完毕,拟议模型已经通过不同覆盖情景和交通配置的测量得到验证,从而在5%的范围内实现模型不准确性。由此得出的电池寿命估计很有希望,表明3GPP规定的10年电池寿命要求能够与交通状况、传输和网络参数的适当配置相匹配。