Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) in cloud environments provides compute, storage, networking, and other fundamental resources that allow consumers to deploy and run arbitrary software, including operating systems and applications. To support multi-tenant environments, IaaS leverages virtualization, but conventional overlay network architectures have become a direct cause of scalability limitations. In particular, current IaaS virtual networks face challenges in high availability and load balancing. To address these issues, we present EYWA, a virtual network architecture that scales to support very large data centers with high availability, efficient load balancing, and large layer-2 semantics. EYWA overcomes scalability limitations by: (1) accommodating a large number of tenants (about 2^24 = 16,777,216) through logically isolated virtual LANs with unique IP ranges, (2) providing per-tenant public network services without throughput bottlenecks or single points of failure in network address translation (SNAT/DNAT), and (3) enabling a single large IP subnet per tenant with extended layer-2 semantics. EYWA combines existing techniques into a distributed scale-out control and data plane. Its only component is an agent running on each hypervisor host, which collectively act as a distributed controller. As a result, EYWA can be deployed in today's multi-tenant cloud environments. We have implemented a proof-of-concept (PoC) of EYWA and evaluated its effectiveness through measurements and experiments in our lab.

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