Side-channel attacks try to extract secret information from a system by analyzing different side-channel signatures, such as power consumption, electromagnetic emanation, thermal dissipation, acoustics, time, etc. Power-based side-channel attack is one of the most prominent side-channel attacks in cybersecurity, which rely on data-dependent power variations in a system to extract sensitive information. While there are related surveys, they primarily focus on power side-channel attacks on cryptographic implementations. In recent years, power-side channel attacks have been explored in diverse application domains, including key extraction from cryptographic implementations, reverse engineering of machine learning models, user behavior data exploitation, and instruction-level disassembly. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey of power side-channel attacks and their countermeasures in different application domains. Specifically, this survey aims to classify recent power side-channel attacks and provide a comprehensive comparison based on application-specific considerations.

翻译：侧信道攻击试图通过分析不同的侧信道特征（如功耗、电磁辐射、热耗散、声学特征、时间信息等）从系统中提取秘密信息。基于功耗的侧信道攻击是网络安全领域最突出的侧信道攻击类型之一，其依赖于系统中与数据相关的功耗变化来提取敏感信息。尽管已有相关综述研究，但它们主要聚焦于针对密码算法实现的功耗侧信道攻击。近年来，功耗侧信道攻击已在多个应用领域得到探索，包括从密码实现中提取密钥、机器学习模型逆向工程、用户行为数据利用以及指令级反汇编等。本文对不同应用领域中的功耗侧信道攻击及其防御措施进行了全面综述。具体而言，本综述旨在对近期功耗侧信道攻击进行分类，并基于特定应用场景的考量提供系统性比较。