Digital Transformation (DT) is the process of integrating digital technologies and solutions into the activities of an organization, whether public or private. This paper focuses on the DT of public sector organizations, where the targets of innovative digital solutions are either the citizens or the administrative bodies or both. This paper is a guided tour for Computer Scientists, as the digital transformation of the public sector involves more than just the use of technology. While technological innovation is a crucial component of any digital transformation, it is not sufficient on its own. Instead, DT requires a cultural, organizational, and technological shift in the way public sector organizations operate and relate to their users, creating the capabilities within the organization to take full advantage of any opportunity in the fastest, best, and most innovative manner in the ways they operate and relate to the citizens. Our tutorial is based on the results of a survey that we performed as an analysis of scientific literature available in some digital libraries well known to Computer Scientists. Such tutorial let us to identify four key pillars that sustain a successful DT: (open) data, ICT technologies, digital skills of citizens and public administrators, and agile processes for developing new digital services and products. The tutorial discusses the interaction of these pillars and highlights the importance of data as the first and foremost pillar of any DT. We have developed a conceptual map in the form of a graph model to show some basic relationships among these pillars. We discuss the relationships among the four pillars aiming at avoiding the potential negative bias that may arise from a rendering of DT restricted to technology only. We also provide illustrative examples and highlight relevant trends emerging from the current state of the art.

翻译：数字化转型是将数字技术和解决方案整合到组织活动中的过程，无论公共或私营部门。本文聚焦于公共部门组织的数字化转型，其创新数字解决方案的目标对象或是公民、或是行政机构，或两者兼具。本文为计算机科学家提供了一份指南，因为公共部门的数字化转型不仅涉及技术应用。虽然技术创新是任何数字化转型的关键组成部分，但它本身并不足够。相反，数字化转型需要公共部门组织在运营方式及与用户互动方式上实现文化、组织和技术的转变，从而使组织具备以最快、最优、最具创新性的方式充分利用任何机遇的能力。本教程基于我们通过对计算机科学家熟知的若干数字图书馆中的科学文献进行分析而开展的调研结果。该教程使我们识别出支撑成功数字化转型的四个关键支柱：（开放）数据、ICT技术、公民和公共管理者的数字技能，以及开发新数字服务和产品的敏捷流程。教程讨论了这些支柱之间的相互作用，并强调了数据作为任何数字化转型首要支柱的重要性。我们构建了一个图模型形式的概念图谱，以展示这些支柱间的基本关系。我们探讨了四个支柱之间的关系，旨在规避可能仅从技术角度理解数字化转型而产生的潜在负面偏见。我们还提供了实例说明，并揭示了当前研究前沿涌现的相关趋势。