We propose a smart dimming sunglasses system for individuals with photophobia, especially those who are easily irritated by light intensity. The system uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) to selectively filter light entering the eye based on the scene detection of a camera. By controlling the transmittance of each pixel on the SLM using a modulation function, the proposed sunglasses enable an automated non-linear field of view dimming and also flexible light modulation that meets the photophobic user's visual requirements. Meanwhile, an occlusion mask created on the SLM, which possesses low transmittance to block the incoming light rays, appears blurred from the eye since the focal plane is not on the SLM and blocks the light stimulation insufficiently. To solve this problem, the aperture-based expanded mask has been used in past studies, however, the excessive large expansion ratio used in this approach leads to over-blocking (occlusion leak). In this work, we build an optimization model by simulating the defocused occlusion mask and determining the effective contribution of the degraded pixels based on the occlusion efficiency of the pixel transmittance. While the non-processed mask cannot provide sufficient occlusion and the aperture-based expanded mask causes occlusion leak, our optimized mask attenuates the intensely bright areas to a proper brightness without incorrectly attenuating surrounding areas that no need to modulation.

翻译：本文提出一种面向光敏感人群（尤其是对光照强度易感不适者）的智能调光墨镜系统。该系统利用空间光调制器（SLM）对进入人眼的光线进行选择性过滤，其依据为摄像头所捕捉的场景检测结果。通过调制函数控制SLM各像素的透射率，所提出的墨镜可实现非线性的视场自动调光，并满足畏光使用者视觉需求所需的灵活光调制。然而，由于SLM并非位于人眼焦平面，其上形成的低透射率遮挡掩模虽能阻挡入射光线，但在人眼观测下呈现模糊状态，无法充分屏蔽光刺激。为解决此问题，现有研究采用基于孔径的扩展掩模，但该方法中过大的扩展比例会导致过度遮挡（即遮挡泄露）。本研究通过模拟离焦遮挡掩模，并依据像素透射率的遮挡效率确定退化像素的有效贡献，构建了优化模型。未经处理的掩模无法提供充分遮挡，而基于孔径的扩展掩模则存在遮挡泄露问题，本文提出的优化掩模可将强光区域精准衰减至适宜亮度，同时避免对无需调光的周边区域造成误衰减。