Selfish Mining is strategic rule-breaking to maximize rewards in proof-of-work protocols [3] and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are the preferred tool for finding optimal strategies in Bitcoin [4, 10] and similar linear chain protocols [12]. Protocols increasingly adopt non-sequential chain structures [11], for which MDP analysis is more involved [2]. To date, researchers have tailored specific attack spaces for each protocol [2, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12]. Assumptions differ, and validating and comparing results is difficult. To overcome this, we propose a generic attack space that supports a wide range of DAG protocols, including Ethereum, Fruitchains, and Parallel Proof-of-Work. Our approach is modular: we specify each protocol as one program, and then derive the Selfish Mining MDPs automatically.

翻译：自私挖矿是在工作量证明协议中通过策略性违规以最大化奖励的行为[3]，而马尔可夫决策过程（MDP）是寻找比特币[4,10]及类似线性链协议[12]中最优策略的首选工具。随着协议越来越多地采用非线性链结构[11]，其MDP分析也更为复杂[2]。迄今，研究人员针对每个协议[2,4,5,7,10,12]定制了特定的攻击空间。由于假设条件各异，结果验证与比较存在困难。为克服这一难题，我们提出一种通用攻击空间，可支持包括以太坊、Fruitchains和平行工作量证明在内的多种DAG协议。我们的方法具有模块化特性：将每个协议定义为一个程序，随后自动推导出自私挖矿MDP。