This scoping review examines the current body of knowledge at the intersection of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Self-Directed Learning (SDL). By synthesising the findings from 18 studies published from 2020 to 2024 and following the PRISMA-SCR guidelines for scoping reviews, we developed four key themes. This includes GenAI as a Potential Enhancement for SDL, The Educator as a GenAI Guide, Personalisation of Learning, and Approaching with Caution. Our findings suggest that GenAI tools, including ChatGPT and other Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in potentially supporting SDL through on-demand, personalised assistance. At the same time, the literature emphasises that educators are as important and central to the learning process as ever before, although their role may continue to shift as technologies develop. Our review reveals that there are still significant gaps in understanding the long-term impacts of GenAI on SDL outcomes, and there is a further need for longitudinal empirical studies that explore not only text-based chatbots but also emerging multimodal applications.

翻译：本范围综述考察了生成式人工智能（GenAI）与自主学习（SDL）交叉领域的现有知识体系。通过综合2020年至2024年间发表的18项研究结果，并遵循范围综述的PRISMA-SCR指南，我们归纳出四个关键主题：生成式人工智能作为自主学习的潜在增强工具、教育者作为生成式人工智能的引导者、学习的个性化以及审慎应用。研究发现，包括ChatGPT和其他大型语言模型（LLMs）在内的生成式人工智能工具，通过提供按需、个性化的辅助，展现出支持自主学习的潜力。同时，文献强调教育者在学习过程中的重要性始终未变，尽管其角色可能随技术发展而持续演变。本综述揭示，目前对生成式人工智能影响自主学习长期效果的认识仍存在显著空白，亟需开展纵向实证研究，不仅探索基于文本的聊天机器人，还应涵盖新兴的多模态应用。