Rydberg atomic quantum receivers (RAQRs) have emerged as a promising solution for evolving wireless receivers from the classical to the quantum domain. To further unleash their great potential in wireless communications, we propose a flexible architecture for Rydberg atomic quantum multiple-input multiple-output (RAQ-MIMO) receivers in the multi-user uplink. Then the corresponding signal model of the RAQ-MIMO system is constructed by paving the way from quantum physics to classical wireless communications. Explicitly, we outline the associated operating principles and transmission flow. We also validate the linearity of our model and its feasible region. Based on our model, we derive closed-form asymptotic formulas for the ergodic achievable rate (EAR) of both the maximum-ratio combining (MRC) and zero-forcing (ZF) receivers operating in uncorrelated fading channels (UFC) and the correlated fading channels (CFC), as well as in the standard quantum limit (SQL) and photon shot limit (PSL) regimes, respectively. Furthermore, we unveil that the EAR scales logarithmically without bound with the product of effective number $N_{\text{atom}}$ and coherence time $T_2$ of the atomic ensemble in the SQL regime, but exhibits non-monotonic trade-off between the collective atomic enhancement and optical-depth-dependent attenuation in the PSL regime. More particularly, the transmit power of users can be scaled down quadratically with $N_{\text{atom}} τ$, $τ\in \{ T_2, \frac{ {\cal C} (Ω_{\ell}) }{A_p} \}$, but the EAR per user retains fixed, by increasing $N_{\text{atom}}$ while retaining the sensor number $M \propto N_{\text{atom}} τ$ in the SQL regime or $M \propto \exp \big( \frac{N_{\text{atom}} {\bar χ}}{A_p} \big)$ in the PSL regime....

翻译：里德堡原子量子接收机（RAQRs）已成为将无线接收机从经典领域演进至量子领域的一种有前景的解决方案。为了进一步释放其在无线通信中的巨大潜力，我们提出了一种用于多用户上行链路的、灵活的里德堡原子量子多输入多输出（RAQ-MIMO）接收机架构。随后，通过铺平从量子物理到经典无线通信的道路，构建了RAQ-MIMO系统的相应信号模型。具体而言，我们概述了相关的工作原理和传输流程。我们还验证了模型的线性度及其可行区域。基于我们的模型，我们推导了在不相关衰落信道（UFC）和相关衰落信道（CFC）中，以及在标准量子极限（SQL）和光子散粒噪声极限（PSL）条件下，分别采用最大比合并（MRC）和迫零（ZF）接收机时的遍历可达速率（EAR）的闭式渐近表达式。此外，我们揭示了在SQL条件下，EAR随原子系综的有效原子数 $N_{\text{atom}}$ 与相干时间 $T_2$ 的乘积呈无界对数增长；但在PSL条件下，则表现出集体原子增强效应与依赖于光学深度的衰减之间的非单调权衡。更具体地说，在SQL条件下，通过增加 $N_{\text{atom}}$ 同时保持传感器数量 $M \propto N_{\text{atom}} τ$，或者在PSL条件下保持 $M \propto \exp \big( \frac{N_{\text{atom}} {\bar χ}}{A_p} \big)$，用户的发射功率可以按 $N_{\text{atom}} τ$（其中 $τ\in \{ T_2, \frac{ {\cal C} (Ω_{\ell}) }{A_p} \}$）的平方反比降低，而每用户的EAR保持固定。