Accurate attribution of scholarly work to specific sub-institutional units, such as schools or departments of a university, is crucial for granular research assessment and policymaking. While robust identifiers exist for top-level institutions, standardized data for sub-level units remains scarce due to the linguistic and structural variability of affiliation strings. In this study, we introduce OpenSubAffil, a large-scale dataset mapping raw affiliation strings from OpenAlex to disambiguated sub-institutional entities and their hierarchical structures. We developed a pipeline integrating named entity recognition (NER) with embedding-based clustering. Furthermore, we proposed a multi-signal scoring function that synthesizes lexical and co-occurrence evidence to reconstruct the sub-institutional hierarchy. OpenSubAffil comprises mappings for 40 million affiliation strings to 638,843 disambiguated sub-units across 18,635 top-level institutions, together with their hierarchical relationships. Validation against Wikidata benchmarks and manual investigation show that our method achieves promising performance. Overall, this dataset bridges the granularity gap between individual researchers and top-level institutions, enabling high-resolution analyses of scholarly output and communication at the sub-institutional level. The OpenSubAffil dataset is publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19602782.

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