Fertility issues are closely related to population security, in 60 years China's population for the first time in a negative growth trend, the change of fertility policy is of great concern to the community. 2023 ``two sessions" proposal ``suggests that the country in the form of legislation, the birth of the registration of the cancellation of the marriage restriction" This topic was once a hot topic on the Internet, and ``unbundling" the relationship between birth registration and marriage has become the focus of social debate. In this paper, we adopt co-occurrence semantic analysis, topic analysis and sentiment analysis to conduct multi-granularity semantic analysis of microblog comments. It is found that the discussion on the proposal of ``removing marriage restrictions from birth registration" involves the individual, society and the state at three dimensions, and is detailed into social issues such as personal behaviour, social ethics and law, and national policy, with people's sentiment inclined to be negative in most of the topics. Based on this, eight proposals were made to provide a reference for governmental decision making and to form a reference method for researching public opinion on political issues.

翻译：生育问题与人口安全密切相关，我国人口在60年来首次出现负增长趋势，生育政策的变革备受社会关注。2023年"两会"提案"建议国家以立法的形式，对生育登记取消婚姻限制"这一话题曾一度成为网络热点，而将生育登记与婚姻"解绑"也成为社会争论的焦点。本文采用共现语义分析、主题分析和情感分析，对微博评论进行多粒度语义分析。研究发现，围绕"取消生育登记婚姻限制"提案的讨论涉及个体、社会和国家三个维度，并细化为个人行为、社会伦理与法律、国家政策等社会议题，多数话题中公众情绪偏向负面。基于此提出八项建议，旨在为政府决策提供参考，并形成研究政治议题舆论的参考方法。