ChatGPT can improve Software Engineering (SE) research practices by offering efficient, accessible information analysis and synthesis based on natural language interactions. However, ChatGPT could bring ethical challenges, encompassing plagiarism, privacy, data security, and the risk of generating biased or potentially detrimental data. This research aims to fill the given gap by elaborating on the key elements: motivators, demotivators, and ethical principles of using ChatGPT in SE research. To achieve this objective, we conducted a literature survey, identified the mentioned elements, and presented their relationships by developing a taxonomy. Further, the identified literature-based elements (motivators, demotivators, and ethical principles) were empirically evaluated by conducting a comprehensive questionnaire-based survey involving SE researchers. Additionally, we employed Interpretive Structure Modeling (ISM) approach to analyze the relationships between the ethical principles of using ChatGPT in SE research and develop a level based decision model. We further conducted a Cross-Impact Matrix Multiplication Applied to Classification (MICMAC) analysis to create a cluster-based decision model. These models aim to help SE researchers devise effective strategies for ethically integrating ChatGPT into SE research by following the identified principles through adopting the motivators and addressing the demotivators. The findings of this study will establish a benchmark for incorporating ChatGPT services in SE research with an emphasis on ethical considerations.

翻译：ChatGPT能够通过基于自然语言交互提供高效、便捷的信息分析与综合，从而改进软件工程（SE）研究实践。然而，ChatGPT也可能带来伦理挑战，包括抄袭、隐私、数据安全以及生成带有偏见或潜在有害数据的风险。本研究旨在通过阐述在SE研究中使用ChatGPT的关键要素（激励因素、抑制因素及伦理原则）来填补上述空白。为实现这一目标，我们开展了文献调研，识别了上述要素，并通过构建分类体系呈现其相互关系。此外，我们通过面向SE研究者的综合问卷调查，对基于文献识别出的要素（激励因素、抑制因素及伦理原则）进行了实证评估。同时，我们采用解释结构建模（ISM）方法分析了在SE研究中使用ChatGPT的伦理原则之间的关系，并构建了基于层次结构的决策模型。进一步地，我们运用交叉影响矩阵乘法应用于分类（MICMAC）分析，创建了基于聚类的决策模型。这些模型旨在通过遵循已识别的伦理原则、采纳激励因素并应对抑制因素，帮助SE研究者制定在SE研究中合乎伦理地整合ChatGPT服务的有效策略。本研究的发现将为在SE研究中融入ChatGPT服务建立以伦理考量为核心的基准。