Infrastructure maintenance is inherently complex, especially for widely dispersed transport systems like roads and railroads. Maintaining this infrastructure involves multiple partners working together to ensure safe, efficient upkeep that meets technical and safety standards, with timely materials and budget adherence. Traditionally, these requirements are managed on paper, with each contract step checked manually. Smart contracts, based on blockchain distributed ledger technology, offer a new approach. Distributed ledgers facilitate secure, transparent transactions, enabling decentralized agreements where contract terms automatically execute when conditions are met. Beyond financial transactions, blockchains can track complex agreements, recording each stage of contract fulfillment between multiple parties. A smart contract is a set of coded rules stored on the blockchain that automatically executes each term upon meeting specified conditions. In infrastructure maintenance, this enables end-to-end automation-from contractor assignment to maintenance completion. Using an immutable, decentralized record, contract terms and statuses are transparent to all parties, enhancing trust and efficiency. Creating smart contracts for infrastructure requires a comprehensive understanding of procedural workflows to foresee all requirements and liabilities. This workflow includes continuous infrastructure monitoring through a dynamic, data-driven maintenance model that triggers necessary actions. Modern process mining can develop a resilient Maintenance Process Model, helping Operations Management to define contract terms, including asset allocation, logistics, materials, and skill requirements. Automation and reliable data quality across the procedural chain are essential, supported by IoT sensors, big data analytics, predictive maintenance, intelligent logistics, and asset management.

翻译：基础设施维护本质上具有复杂性，尤其对于道路和铁路等广泛分布的交通系统。维护此类基础设施需要多方合作伙伴协同工作，以确保符合技术与安全标准的安全高效维护，同时满足材料供应及时性与预算约束。传统上，这些需求通过纸质文件管理，每个合同步骤均需人工核查。基于区块链分布式账本技术的智能合约为此提供了新途径。分布式账本支持安全透明的交易，实现去中心化协议——当满足预设条件时，合同条款将自动执行。除金融交易外，区块链还可追踪多方参与的复杂协议，记录合同履行的每个阶段。智能合约是一组存储在区块链上的编码规则，在满足特定条件时自动执行各项条款。在基础设施维护中，该技术可实现从承包商指派到维护完成的端到端自动化。通过不可篡改的去中心化记录，合同条款与状态对所有参与方透明可查，从而提升信任度与执行效率。为基础设施创建智能合约需全面理解流程工作流，以预见所有需求与责任。该工作流包含通过动态数据驱动的维护模型进行持续基础设施监测，从而触发必要维护动作。现代流程挖掘技术可构建鲁棒的维护流程模型，协助运营管理部门明确合同条款，包括资产分配、物流、材料及技能要求。整个流程链的自动化与可靠数据质量至关重要，这需要物联网传感器、大数据分析、预测性维护、智能物流及资产管理等技术的协同支持。