The vision of AI collaborators has long been a staple of stories and science fiction, where artificial agents understand nuances of collaboration and human communication. They assist their human partners and teams and have special talents. Government advisory groups and leaders in AI have advocated for years that AIs should be human compatible and effective collaborators. Nonetheless, robust AIs that collaborate like talented people remain out of reach. The simpler dream of effective information tools that augment human intelligence (IA) has its roots in the 1960s and helped to drive an information technology revolution. With the vast increase in hybrid and remote work since the COVID pandemic, the benefits and requirements for better coordination, collaboration, and communication are in focus for the workplace. Many factors (such as the costs of homes near work) are impeding a mass return to in-person work at the office. Are human-like AI teammates part of a solution? If we just need better tools for collaboration, how artificially intelligent (AI) could and should these tools be? This position paper reviews the arc of technology and calls by others for human-machine teaming. It draws on earlier research in psychology and the social sciences about what human-like collaboration actually requires. This paper argues that current mainstream AI cannot produce robust, intelligent, and human-compatible collaborators. It sets a context for a second paper that proposes exploring a radical shift in technology and methodology for creating resilient, intelligent, and human-compatible AIs (Stefik & Price, 2023). The aspirational goal is that such AIs would learn, share what they learn, and collaborate to achieve high standards.

翻译：关于人工智能（AI）协作伙伴的构想长期以来一直是故事和科幻作品的核心主题：此类人工智能够理解协作的微妙之处与人类交流的复杂性，协助其人类伙伴及团队，并具备独特专长。政府咨询机构与AI领域领袖多年来一直倡导，AI应当成为与人类兼容且高效的协作者。然而，能够像人类一样协作的强健AI至今仍遥不可及。更务实的愿景——打造能增强人类智能（IA）的有效信息工具——可追溯至20世纪60年代，并推动了信息技术革命。自新冠疫情以来，混合办公与远程工作模式激增，对更优协调、协作与沟通的需求及其益处成为职场焦点。诸多因素（如靠近工作地点的住房成本）正阻碍大规模重返实体办公室。类人AI队友是否构成解决方案的一部分？若我们仅需更好的协作工具，这些工具应具备何种程度的人工智能？本文从技术演进角度进行评述，并呼应学界对人与机器协同的呼吁。研究借鉴心理学与社会科学领域先前成果，深究类人协作的真实需求。本文论证：当前主流AI无法生成强健、智能且与人类兼容的协作体。本文为后续论文（Stefik & Price, 2023）奠定了基础，该论文提议探索技术与方法论的根本性变革，以创建具有韧性、智能且与人类兼容的AI。其愿景是让此类AI能够学习、共享所学，并通过协作达成卓越标准。