In 2020, a Dutch court passed judgment in a case about a digital welfare fraud detection system called Systeem Risico Indicatie (SyRI). The court ruled that the SyRI legislation is unlawful because it does not comply with the right to privacy under the European Convention of Human Rights. In this article we analyse the judgment and its implications. This ruling is one of first in which a court has invalidated a welfare fraud detection system for breaching the right to privacy. We show that the immediate effects of the judgment are limited. The judgment does not say much about automated fraud detection systems in general, because it is limited to the circumstances of the case. Still, the judgment is important. The judgment reminds policymakers that fraud detection must happen in a way that respects data protection principles and the right to privacy. The judgment also confirms the importance of transparency if personal data are used.

翻译：2020年，荷兰法院就名为“系统风险指示”（Systeem Risico Indicatie，SyRI）的数字福利欺诈检测系统作出判决。法院裁定SyRI相关立法因不符合《欧洲人权公约》规定的隐私权而无效。本文分析了该判决及其影响。此判决是法院首次以侵犯隐私权为由判定福利欺诈检测系统无效的案例之一。我们指出该判决的直接效果有限。由于判决仅限于本案具体情形，其并未对自动化欺诈检测系统作出普遍性论断。尽管如此，该判决仍具有重要意义：它警示政策制定者必须遵循数据保护原则并尊重隐私权进行欺诈检测，同时确认了使用个人数据时透明度的重要性。