We give a gentle introduction to solar imaging data, focusing on the challenges and opportunities of data-driven approaches for solar eruptions. The various solar phenomenon prediction problems that might benefit from statistical methods are presented. Available data products and software are described. State-of-the-art solar eruption forecasting models with data-driven approaches are summarized and discussed. Based on the characteristics of the datasets and state-of-the-art approaches, we point out several promising directions to explore from statistical modeling and computational perspectives.

翻译：本文对太阳成像数据进行了简要介绍，重点探讨了数据驱动方法在太阳爆发研究中的挑战与机遇。我们列举了可能受益于统计方法的各类太阳现象预测问题，描述了现有的数据产品和软件工具，并总结讨论了采用数据驱动方法的最先进太阳爆发预报模型。基于数据集特征和前沿方法的特点，我们从统计建模和计算视角指出了若干具有潜力的研究方向。