MultiPaxos, while a fundamental Replicated State Machine algorithm, suffers from a dearth of comprehensive guidelines for achieving a complete and correct implementation. This deficiency has hindered MultiPaxos' practical utility and adoption and has resulted in flawed claims about its capabilities. Our paper aims to bridge the gap between MultiPaxos' complexity and practical implementation through a meticulous and detailed design process spanning more than a year. It carefully dissects each phase of MultiPaxos and offers detailed step-by-step pseudocode -- in addition to a complete open-source implementation -- for all components, including the leader election, the failure detector, and the commit phase. The implementation of our complete design also provides better performance stability, resource usage, and network partition tolerance than naive MultiPaxos versions. Our specification includes a lightweight log compaction approach that avoids taking repeated snapshots, significantly improving resource usage and performance stability. Our failure detector, integrated into the commit phase of the algorithm, uses variable and adaptive heartbeat intervals to settle on a better leader under partial connectivity and network partitions, improving liveness under such conditions.

翻译：MultiPaxos作为一种基础性的复制状态机算法，因缺乏实现完整且正确系统的全面指南而备受困扰。这一缺陷阻碍了MultiPaxos的实际应用与推广，并导致其能力受到错误论断的质疑。本文通过历时一年多的精细设计与验证过程，致力于弥合MultiPaxos算法复杂度与工程实践之间的鸿沟。系统剖析了MultiPaxos的每个阶段，并针对领导者选举、故障检测器及提交阶段等所有组件，提供了详尽的逐步伪代码——同时配套完整的开源实现。相较于朴素版MultiPaxos，本完整设计方案在性能稳定性、资源利用率与网络分区容错性方面均展现出更优表现。本规范包含一种轻量级日志压缩方法，通过避免重复快照显著提升资源效率与性能稳定性。所设计的故障检测器集成于算法提交阶段，采用可变自适应心跳间隔机制，在部分连接与网络分区条件下能更有效地选定领导者，从而改善此类场景下的系统活性。