Human-robot interaction is emerging as an important paradigm for integrating persons with disabilities into the workplace. While these systems can enable individuals to work, their design is mostly personalized, hindering widespread use beyond the individual user. The universal design paradigm is a central pillar of inclusive design, describing usability of systems by all. To incorporate universal design into process design for human-robot workplaces expert knowledge is required that is often not available. To simplify process design of human-robot workplaces, we propose a persona-based design approach. First, typical impairments prevalent in the workforce or particularly relevant for the processes are abstracted into personas with disabilities. The work process is subdivided into sequential actions. For each action and persona, strategies are developed to reach the action goal by a design thinking approach. The resulting actions are ordered by level of robot assistance, i.e. robot involvement, and implemented in a behavior tree. Therefore, the macro-behavior of the workplace may adapt to individual personas online. We demonstrate the method in a collaborative box folding process with a total of seven personas with disabilities. The persona-based process design shows promising results by generating more comprehensive process strategies while enabling adaptive behavior in the sense of universal design.

翻译：人机交互正成为将残障人士融入工作场所的重要范式。尽管这类系统能够帮助个体完成工作，但其设计大多高度个性化，阻碍了超越个体用户的广泛推广。通用设计范式是包容性设计的核心支柱，描述了系统面向所有人的可用性。将通用设计融入人机协作工作场所的流程设计中，需要通常难以获得的专家知识。为简化人机协作工作场所的流程设计，我们提出一种基于角色的人格化方法。首先，将劳动力中常见的或对流程特别相关的典型障碍抽象为残障人格化角色。工作流程被细分为顺序动作序列。针对每个动作与人格化角色，通过设计思考方法开发达成动作目标的策略。最终动作按机器人辅助程度（即机器人介入水平）排序，并实现为行为树。因此，工作场所的宏观行为可在线适配个体人格化角色。我们在一个协作纸箱折叠流程中，使用总计七个残障人格化角色进行了方法验证。基于角色的人格化流程设计展现出积极成效：生成了更全面的流程策略，同时实现了符合通用设计理念的自适应行为。