The implementation of public policies is crucial in controlling the spread of COVID-19. However, the effectiveness of different policies can vary across different aspects of epidemic containment. Identifying the most effective policies is essential for providing informed recommendations for pandemic control. This paper examines the relationship between various public policy responses and their impact on COVID-19 containment. Using the propensity score matching-difference in differences (PSM-DID) model to address endogeneity, we analyze the causal significance of each policy on epidemic control. Our analysis reveals that that policies related to vaccine delivery, debt relief, and the cancellation of public events are the most effective measures. These findings provide key insights for policymakers, highlighting the importance of focusing on specific, high-impact measures in managing public health crises.

翻译：公共政策的实施对于控制COVID-19的传播至关重要。然而，不同政策在疫情防控各方面的有效性可能存在差异。识别最有效的政策对于为疫情防控提供科学建议具有重要意义。本文研究了各类公共政策响应与COVID-19防控效果之间的关系。通过采用倾向得分匹配-双重差分（PSM-DID）模型以处理内生性问题，我们分析了各项政策对疫情控制的因果效应。分析结果表明，与疫苗分发、债务减免及取消公共活动相关的政策是最有效的防控措施。这些发现为政策制定者提供了关键洞见，强调了在应对公共卫生危机时应重点关注具体且高效的措施。