The upcoming 6G technology is expected to operate in near-field (NF) radiating conditions thanks to high-frequency and electrically large antenna arrays. Although several studies have already addressed this possibility, it is worth noting that NF models introduce higher complexity, the justification for which is not always evident in terms of performance improvements. This article investigates the implications of the mismatch between NF and far-field (FF) models concerning communication, localization, and sensing systems. Such disparity can lead to a degradation of performance metrics such as sensing and localization accuracy and communication efficiency. By exploring the effects of mismatches between NF and FF models, this study seeks to revolve around the challenges faced by system designers, offering insights about the balance between model accuracy and achievable performance. Finally, we conduct a numerical performance analysis to verify the impact of the mismatch between NF and FF models.

翻译：即将到来的6G技术预计将在近场辐射条件下运行，得益于高频和大电尺寸天线阵列。尽管已有若干研究探讨了这一可能性，但值得注意的是，近场模型引入了更高的复杂度，而其性能提升的合理性并不总是显而易见。本文研究了近场与远场模型之间的失配对通信、定位和传感系统的影响。这种差异可能导致感知精度、定位精确度和通信效率等性能指标的下降。通过探索近场与远场模型之间失配的影响，本研究旨在围绕系统设计者面临的挑战展开分析，提供关于模型精度与可实现性能之间平衡的见解。最后，我们进行了数值性能分析，以验证近场与远场模型之间失配的影响。