Understanding how many aircraft, and which traffic configurations, can be safely and efficiently managed by air traffic controllers within a given airspace is fundamental to air traffic management. Air traffic controllers continuously modify aircraft trajectories through interventions such as speed advisories and radar vectoring, and the patterns of these interventions are difficult to capture effectively using existing air traffic simulators. To address this limitation, we propose Diffusion Transformers for Traffic Scene Generation (DiTSG), which learns to generate air traffic scenes from recorded multi-aircraft trajectories. DiTSG employs stacked multi-agent inverted Transformer layers as the denoising backbone of a diffusion transformer, jointly generates the trajectories of multiple aircraft within a traffic scene, and conditions the generation on agent-specific required times of arrival. The resulting trajectories generated by DiTSG preserve realistic inter-aircraft interactions observed in actual air traffic operations. Experiments show that the DiTSG generates diverse traffic scenes that reproduce the statistical properties of recorded traffic while preserving realistic inter-aircraft interactions.

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