We propose an assistive technology that helps individuals with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD) to recognize/name colors. A dichromat's color perception is a reduced two-dimensional (2D) subset of a normal trichromat's three dimensional color (3D) perception, leading to confusion when visual stimuli that appear identical to the dichromat are referred to by different color names. Using our proposed system, CVD individuals can interactively induce distinct perceptual changes to originally confusing colors via a computational color space transformation. By combining their original 2D precepts for colors with the discriminative changes, a three dimensional color space is reconstructed, where the dichromat can learn to resolve color name confusions and accurately recognize colors. Our system is implemented as an Augmented Reality (AR) interface on smartphones, where users interactively control the rotation through swipe gestures and observe the induced color shifts in the camera view or in a displayed image. Through psychophysical experiments and a longitudinal user study, we demonstrate that such rotational color shifts have discriminative power (initially confusing colors become distinct under rotation) and exhibit structured perceptual shifts dichromats can learn with modest training. The AR App is also evaluated in two real-world scenarios (building with lego blocks and interpreting artistic works); users all report positive experience in using the App to recognize object colors that they otherwise could not.

翻译：我们提出一种辅助技术，帮助色觉缺陷（CVD）个体识别/命名颜色。二色视者的颜色感知是正常三色视者三维颜色感知的降维二维子集，这导致在视觉刺激对二色视者呈现相同外观却被赋予不同颜色名称时产生混淆。通过我们提出的系统，CVD个体可通过计算性色彩空间变换，对原本混淆的颜色进行交互式感知差异诱导。通过将原有的二维颜色感知与差异化变化相结合，可重建出三维色彩空间，使二色视者能够学习解决颜色命名混淆并准确识别颜色。我们的系统以智能手机增强现实（AR）界面实现，用户通过滑动手势交互控制色彩空间旋转，并在相机视图或显示图像中观察诱导产生的颜色偏移。通过心理物理学实验和纵向用户研究，我们证明此类旋转性颜色偏移具有区分效力（初始混淆的颜色在旋转下变得可区分），且呈现结构化感知偏移模式，二色视者通过适度训练即可掌握。该AR应用还在两种现实场景（乐高积木搭建与艺术作品解读）中进行评估；所有用户均反馈在使用该应用识别原本无法辨别的物体颜色时获得积极体验。