Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used in vehicular networks to support Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications. Wireless sensors in vehicular networks support sensing and monitoring of various environmental factors and vehicle movement, which can help to enhance traffic management, road safety, and transportation efficiency. However, WSNs face security challenges due to their distributed nature and resource limited modules. In Sybil attacks, attackers create multiple fake identities to disrupt network operations (e.g., denial-of-service (DoS)), which is one of the major security concerns in WSNs. Defensive techniques have been proposed, which recently include a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) profiling scheme that improves the performance and is not affected by internal forgeable information. However, even this new RSSI based robust detection scheme was found to be vulnerable when Sybil attackers are mobile or intentionally manipulate their radio transmission power in addition to their device address. In this paper, a unique identification based trust path routing scheme (UITrust) is proposed, which uses the device's physically invariable unique identifiers and routing path trust level estimations to avoid power-controlled Sybil attacks, where the simulation results show the proposed scheme can provide a significant improvement compared to existing schemes.

翻译：无线传感器网络（WSN）在车载网络中广泛应用，以支持车联万物（V2X）通信。车载网络中的无线传感器支持对各种环境因素和车辆运动的感知与监测，有助于提升交通管理、道路安全和运输效率。然而，由于其分布式特性和资源受限的模块，WSN面临安全挑战。在Sybil攻击中，攻击者创建多个虚假身份以破坏网络运行（例如，拒绝服务攻击（DoS）），这是WSN面临的主要安全问题之一。已有防御技术被提出，近期包括一种接收信号强度指示器（RSSI）分析方案，该方案提升了性能且不受内部可伪造信息的影响。然而，研究发现，即使这种新型的基于RSSI的鲁棒检测方案，在Sybil攻击者移动或除设备地址外还故意操控其无线电发射功率时，依然存在漏洞。本文提出了一种基于唯一识别的信任路径路由方案（UITrust），该方案利用设备物理上不可变的唯一标识符和路由路径信任等级评估来避免功率控制的Sybil攻击。仿真结果表明，与现有方案相比，所提方案能带来显著改进。