Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states increasingly adopt Artificial Intelligence (AI) to drive economic diversification and enhance services. This paper investigates the evolving AI governance landscape across the six GCC nations, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Bahrain, and Kuwait, through an in-depth document analysis of six National AI Strategies (NASs) and related policies published between 2018 and 2024. Drawing on the Multiple Streams Framework (MSF) and Multi-stakeholder Governance theory, the findings highlight a "soft regulation" approach that emphasizes national strategies and ethical principles rather than binding regulations. While this approach fosters rapid innovation, it also raises concerns regarding the enforceability of ethical standards, potential ethicswashing, and alignment with global frameworks, particularly the EU AI Act. Common challenges include data limitations, talent shortages, and reconciling AI applications with cultural values. Despite these hurdles, GCC governments aspire to leverage AI for robust economic growth, better public services, and regional leadership in responsible AI. The analysis suggests that strengthening legal mechanisms, enhancing stakeholder engagement, and aligning policies with local contexts and international norms will be essential for harnessing AI's transformative potential in the GCC.

翻译：海湾合作委员会（GCC）国家日益采用人工智能（AI）以推动经济多元化并提升服务水平。本文通过对2018年至2024年间发布的六份国家人工智能战略（NASs）及相关政策文件进行深入分析，探讨了六个GCC国家——阿拉伯联合酋长国、沙特阿拉伯、卡塔尔、阿曼、巴林和科威特——不断演进的人工智能治理格局。借鉴多源流框架（MSF）和多利益相关方治理理论，研究发现这些国家普遍采取一种"软性监管"路径，强调国家战略和伦理原则而非具有约束力的法规。尽管这种路径促进了快速创新，但也引发了关于伦理标准的可执行性、潜在的"伦理粉饰"现象以及与全球框架（尤其是欧盟《人工智能法案》）协调性的担忧。共同面临的挑战包括数据限制、人才短缺以及协调人工智能应用与文化价值观的冲突。尽管存在这些障碍，GCC各国政府仍致力于利用人工智能实现强劲经济增长、改善公共服务，并在负责任的人工智能领域谋求区域领导地位。分析表明，加强法律机制、深化利益相关方参与以及推动政策与本地情境及国际规范相协调，对于GCC地区充分发挥人工智能的变革潜力至关重要。