Current technological advancements of quantum computers highlight the need for application-driven, practical and well-defined methods of benchmarking their performance. As the existing NISQ device's quality of two-qubit gate errors rate is even around one percent and the number of qubits is still limited to a few or several dozen, naturally, we need to propose rather small algorithms instances taken from key promising application areas, such as quantum chemistry, combinatorial optimisation or machine learning. While many techniques for assessing the performance of logical components, such as gate fidelity and qubit coherence exist, it is still challenging to extrapolate those values onto the performance of different quantum algorithms and subroutines. This work aims to introduce a series of initial quantum application benchmarks together with a methodology of execution for measuring the performance and fidelity of the results. The proposed suite refers to several variational algorithms widely used on available NISQ devices but also includes examples of quantum circuits designed for a fault-tolerant quantum computer.

翻译：当前量子计算技术的进展凸显了对应用驱动、实用且定义明确的性能基准测试方法的需求。由于现有NISQ设备的两量子比特门错误率仍接近百分之一，且量子比特数量仅限制在几个到几十个之间，我们自然需要从关键潜力应用领域（如量子化学、组合优化或机器学习）中选取较小的算法实例。尽管已有多种评估逻辑组件性能的技术（如量子门保真度和量子比特相干性），但将这些数值外推至不同量子算法和子程序的性能仍具挑战性。本文旨在引入一系列初始量子应用基准测试，并配套提出用于测量性能与结果保真度的执行方法学。该基准测试套件不仅涵盖了当前NISQ设备上广泛使用的多种变分算法，还包含了为容错量子计算机设计的量子电路示例。