Blockchain, pivotal in shaping the metaverse and Web3, often draws criticism for high energy consumption and carbon emission. The rise of sustainability-focused blockchains, especially when intersecting with innovative wireless technologies, revises this predicament. To understand blockchain's role in sustainability, we propose a three-layers structure encapsulating four green utilities: Recording and Tracking, Wide Verification, Value Trading, and Concept Disseminating. Nori, a decentralized voluntary carbon offset project, serves as our case, illuminating these utilities. Our research unveils unique insights into the on-chain carbon market participants, affect factors of the market, value propositions of NFT-based carbon credits, and the role of social media to spread the concept of carbon offset. We argue that blockchain's contribution to sustainability is significant, with carbon offsetting potentially evolving as a new standard within the blockchain sector.

翻译：区块链作为塑造元宇宙和Web3的关键技术，常因高能耗与碳排放而备受诟病。以可持续发展为核心的区块链兴起，尤其在与创新无线技术交汇时，扭转了这一困境。为揭示区块链在可持续发展中的作用，我们提出一个包含四类绿色效用的三层架构：记录与追踪、广泛验证、价值交易及理念传播。以去中心化自愿碳抵消项目Nori为案例，我们阐释了这些效用。研究揭示了链上碳市场参与者、市场影响因素、基于NFT的碳信用价值主张，以及社交媒体传播碳抵消理念的独特见解。我们认为区块链对可持续发展的贡献显著，碳抵消有望成为区块链领域的新标准。