The simulation of whole-brain dynamics should reproduce realistic spontaneous and evoked neural activity across different scales, including emergent rhythms, spatio-temporal activation patterns, and macroscale complexity. Once a mathematical model is selected, its configuration must be determined by properly setting its parameters. A critical preliminary step in this process is defining an appropriate set of observables to guide the selection of model configurations (parameter tuning), laying the groundwork for quantitative calibration of accurate whole-brain models. Here, we address this challenge by presenting a framework that integrates two complementary tools: The Virtual Brain (TVB) platform for simulating whole-brain dynamics, and the Collaborative Brain Wave Analysis Pipeline (Cobrawap) for analyzing simulation outputs using a set of standardized metrics. We apply this framework to a 998-node human connectome, using two configurations of the Larter-Breakspear neural mass model: one with the TVB default parameters, the other tuned using Cobrawap. The results reveal that the tuned configuration exhibits several biologically relevant features, absent in the default model for both spontaneous and evoked dynamics. In response to external perturbations, the tuned model generates non-stereotyped, complex spatio-temporal activity, as measured by the perturbational complexity index. In spontaneous activity, it exhibits robust alpha-band oscillations, infra-slow rhythms, scale-free characteristics, greater spatio-temporal heterogeneity, and asymmetric functional connectivity. This work demonstrates how combining TVB and Cobrawap can guide parameter tuning and lays the groundwork for data-driven calibration and validation of accurate whole-brain models.

翻译：全脑动态模拟应再现跨尺度的逼真自发与诱发神经活动，包括涌现节律、时空激活模式及宏观复杂性。选定数学模型后，必须通过适当设置参数来确定其配置。此过程中的关键前提步骤是定义合适的可观测集以指导模型配置选择（参数调谐），为精准全脑模型的定量校准奠定基础。本文通过整合两种互补工具提出框架以应对这一挑战：用于模拟全脑动态的虚拟脑（TVB）平台，以及用于通过一组标准化指标分析模拟输出的协作脑波分析流水线（Cobrawap）。我们将该框架应用于998节点人类连接组，采用两种Larter-Breakspear神经质量模型配置：一种使用TVB默认参数，另一种通过Cobrawap进行调谐。结果表明，调谐配置在自发与诱发动态中均展现出默认模型所缺失的多个生物学相关特征。在响应外部扰动时，调谐模型产生非刻板的复杂时空活动（以扰动复杂性指数衡量）。在自发活动中，其表现出稳健的α波段振荡、超慢节律、无标度特性、更强的时空异质性及不对称功能连接。本研究表明TVB与Cobrawap的联合应用可指导参数调谐，并为数据驱动校准与验证精准全脑模型奠定基础。