To address challenges in the digital economy's landscape of digital intelligence, large language models (LLMs) have been developed. Improvements in computational power and available resources have significantly advanced LLMs, allowing their integration into diverse domains for human life. Medical LLMs are essential application tools with potential across various medical scenarios. In this paper, we review LLM developments, focusing on the requirements and applications of medical LLMs. We provide a concise overview of existing models, aiming to explore advanced research directions and benefit researchers for future medical applications. We emphasize the advantages of medical LLMs in applications, as well as the challenges encountered during their development. Finally, we suggest directions for technical integration to mitigate challenges and potential research directions for the future of medical LLMs, aiming to meet the demands of the medical field better.

翻译：为应对数字经济中数字智能发展所面临的挑战，大语言模型应运而生。计算能力与可用资源的提升显著推动了大语言模型的发展，使其能够融入人类生活的各个领域。医学大语言模型作为关键的应用工具，在多种医疗场景中展现出巨大潜力。本文系统回顾了大语言模型的发展历程，重点关注医学大语言模型的需求与应用。我们对现有模型进行了简明概述，旨在探索前沿研究方向，为未来医学应用的研究者提供参考。我们着重分析了医学大语言模型在应用中的优势及其发展过程中遇到的挑战。最后，我们提出了技术融合以应对挑战的可能方向，以及医学大语言模型未来的潜在研究路径，以期更好地满足医学领域的需求。