With the ubiquitous use of location-based services, large-scale individual-level location data has been widely collected through location-awareness devices. The exposure of location data constitutes a significant privacy risk to users as it can lead to de-anonymisation, the inference of sensitive information, and even physical threats. Geoprivacy concerns arise on the issues of user identity de-anonymisation and location exposure. In this survey, we analyse different geomasking techniques that have been proposed to protect the privacy of individuals in geodata. We present a taxonomy to characterise these techniques along different dimensions, and conduct a survey of geomasking techniques. We then highlight shortcomings of current techniques and discuss avenues for future research.

翻译：随着基于位置服务的普遍应用，通过定位设备大规模收集的个人级别位置数据已被广泛获取。位置数据的暴露给用户带来显著隐私风险，可能导致去匿名化、敏感信息推断甚至人身威胁。地理隐私问题围绕用户身份去匿名化和位置暴露两大议题。本综述分析了现有地理数据中用于保护个人隐私的多种地理掩蔽技术。我们提出了一套分类体系，从多个维度对这些技术进行特征描述，并对地理掩蔽技术进行了系统调研。最后，我们指出现有技术的不足，并探讨了未来研究方向。