The rapid growth of quantum computing poses a threat to the cryptographic foundations of digital systems, requiring the development of secure and scalable electronic voting (evoting) frameworks. We introduce a post-quantum-secure evoting architecture that integrates Falcon lattice-based digital signatures, biometric authentication via MobileNetV3 and AdaFace, and a permissioned blockchain for tamper-proof vote storage. Voter registration involves capturing facial embeddings, which are digitally signed using Falcon and stored on-chain to ensure integrity and non-repudiation. During voting, real-time biometric verification is performed using anti-spoofing techniques and cosine-similarity matching. The system demonstrates low latency and robust spoof detection, monitored through Prometheus and Grafana for real-time auditing. The average classification error rates (ACER) are below 3.5% on the CelebA Spoof dataset and under 8.2% on the Wild Face Anti-Spoofing (WFAS) dataset. Blockchain anchoring incurs minimal gas overhead, approximately 3.3% for registration and 0.15% for voting, supporting system efficiency, auditability, and transparency. The experimental results confirm the system's scalability, efficiency, and resilience under concurrent loads. This approach offers a unified solution to address key challenges in voter authentication, data integrity, and quantum-resilient security for digital systems.

翻译：量子计算的快速发展对数字系统的密码学基础构成威胁，亟需开发安全且可扩展的电子投票框架。本文提出一种后量子安全的电子投票架构，该架构集成了基于Falcon晶格的数字签名、通过MobileNetV3与AdaFace实现的生物特征认证，以及用于防篡改投票存储的许可区块链。选民注册过程涉及采集面部嵌入向量，并使用Falcon进行数字签名后链上存储，以确保数据完整性与不可否认性。投票期间，系统采用防伪技术与余弦相似度匹配进行实时生物特征验证。该系统通过Prometheus和Grafana实现实时审计监控，展现出低延迟与强大的防伪检测能力。在CelebA Spoof数据集上的平均分类错误率低于3.5%，在Wild Face Anti-Spoofing（WFAS）数据集上低于8.2%。区块链锚定操作产生的燃料开销极低，注册环节约为3.3%，投票环节约为0.15%，有力支撑了系统效率、可审计性与透明度。实验结果证实了该系统在并发负载下的可扩展性、高效性与鲁棒性。该方案为应对选民身份认证、数据完整性及数字系统量子抗性安全等关键挑战提供了统一解决方案。