Recently, tensor decompositions have attracted increasing attention. Fundamentally, different interactions among factors induce distinct tensor decomposition structures (i.e., tensor decomposition). Identifying an appropriate interaction-induced tensor decomposition structure for given data is a fundamental yet challenging problem in tensor modeling, and remains largely under-explored. Existing tensor decomposition structure search methods are typically restricted to a predefined interaction family, such as tensor contraction. To address this problem, we suggest a tensor decomposition structure search framework (I-TSS) from an interaction perspective that can identify either a single structure beyond a predefined interaction family or a mixture of structures involving heterogeneous interaction families. Specifically, we first systematically review existing tensor decomposition structures from an interaction perspective and construct a heterogeneous interaction-induced candidate structure set. Based on it, we propose a unified energy-based rank estimation scheme for heterogeneous interaction-induced candidate structure set. We then introduce the top-$k$ gating mechanism with learnable gating scores to dynamically select a suitable single-candidate structure or combine suitable multi-candidate structures, thereby identifying the tensor decomposition structure in a data-adaptive manner. Theoretically, we derive an approximation error bound for I-TSS, thereby establishing its approximation capability. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that I-TSS consistently outperforms state-of-the-art tensor decomposition methods.

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