The emerging paradigm of resource disaggregation enables the deployment of cloud-like services across a pool of physical and virtualized resources, interconnected using a network fabric. This design embodies several benefits in terms of resource efficiency and cost-effectiveness, service elasticity and adaptability, etc. Application domains benefiting from such a trend include cyber-physical systems (CPS), tactile internet, 5G networks and beyond, or mixed reality applications, all generally embodying heterogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In this context, a key enabling factor to fully support those mixed-criticality scenarios will be the network and the system-level support for time-sensitive communication. Although a lot of work has been conducted on devising efficient orchestration and CPU scheduling strategies, the networking aspects of performance-critical components remain largely unstudied. Bridging this gap, we propose KuberneTSN, an original solution built on the Kubernetes platform, providing support for time-sensitive traffic to unmodified application binaries. We define an architecture for an accelerated and deterministic overlay network, which includes kernel-bypassing networking features as well as a novel userspace packet scheduler compliant with the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) standard. The solution is implemented as tsn-cni, a Kubernetes network plugin that can coexist alongside popular alternatives. To assess the validity of the approach, we conduct an experimental analysis on a real distributed testbed, demonstrating that KuberneTSN enables applications to easily meet deterministic deadlines, provides the same guarantees of bare-metal deployments, and outperforms overlay networks built using the Flannel plugin.

翻译：资源解耦的新兴范式使得云服务能够跨越由网络互连的物理与虚拟化资源池进行部署。这种设计在资源效率、成本效益、服务弹性及适应性等方面具有显著优势。受益于该趋势的应用领域包括信息物理系统（CPS）、触觉互联网、5G及未来网络、混合现实应用等，通常具有异构的服务质量（QoS）需求。在此背景下，充分支持此类混合关键性场景的关键使能技术在于网络与系统层对时间敏感通信的支持。尽管人们在设计高效编排和CPU调度策略方面开展了大量工作，但性能关键组件的网络层面问题仍缺乏系统研究。为填补这一空白，我们提出KuberneTSN——基于Kubernetes平台构建的原创解决方案，可为未经修改的应用程序二进制文件提供时间敏感流量支持。我们定义了一种加速确定性覆盖网络的架构，该架构包含内核旁路网络特性，以及一种符合时间敏感网络（TSN）标准的新型用户态数据包调度器。该方案以tsn-cni形式实现，这是一种可与其他主流方案共存的Kubernetes网络插件。为验证方案有效性，我们在真实分布式测试平台上开展实验分析，结果表明KuberneTSN能使应用程序轻松满足确定性截止时间要求，提供与裸机部署相同的保障性能，并优于基于Flannel插件构建的覆盖网络。