During the usage phase, a technical product system is in permanent interaction with its environment. This interaction can lead to failures that significantly endanger the safety of the user and negatively affect the quality and reliability of the product. Conventional methods of failure analysis focus on the technical product system. The interaction of the product with its environment in the usage phase is not sufficiently considered, resulting in undetected potential failures of the product that lead to complaints. For this purpose, a methodology for failure identification is developed, which is continuously improved through product usage scenarios. The use cases are modelled according to a systems engineering approach with four views. The linking of the product system, physical effects, events and environmental factors enable the analysis of fault chains. These four parameters are subject to great complexity and must be systematically analysed using databases and expert knowledge. The scenarios are continuously updated by field data and complaints. The new approach can identify potential failures in a more systematic and holistic way. Complaints provide direct input on the scenarios. Unknown, previously unrecognized events can be systematically identified through continuous improvement. The complexity of the relationship between the product system and its environmental factors can thus be adequately taken into account in product development. Keywords: failure analysis, methodology, product development, systems engineering, scenario analysis, scenario improvement, environmental factors, product environment, continuous improvement.

翻译：在使用阶段，技术产品系统与其环境处于持续交互状态。这种交互可能导致显著危及用户安全、并对产品质量与可靠性产生负面影响的故障。传统的故障分析方法聚焦于技术产品系统本身，未能充分考虑产品在使用阶段与环境的交互作用，导致产品潜在故障未被检测而引发投诉。为此，本文提出了一种通过产品使用场景持续改进的故障识别方法。采用系统工程方法从四个视图对用例进行建模，通过产品系统、物理效应、事件及环境因素的关联实现故障链分析。这四个参数具有高度复杂性，需借助数据库与专家知识进行系统分析。场景通过现场数据和投诉持续更新。该新方法能够以更系统、更全面的方式识别潜在故障，投诉可直接为场景提供输入。通过持续改进，可系统识别未知的、此前未被识别的事件，从而在产品开发中充分考量产品系统与环境因素之间的复杂关联。关键词：故障分析、方法论、产品开发、系统工程、场景分析、场景改进、环境因素、产品环境、持续改进